What should you do if an adult patient is conscious and choking?

Encouraging the patient to cough if they are able is the appropriate response in this situation. A productive cough can help to dislodge the obstruction, as the patient’s natural reflexes work to clear their airway. This is particularly important because coughing is often the most effective way for individuals to expel a foreign object when they are still conscious and able to breathe, even if their airflow is somewhat restricted.

The other options may not be suitable in this scenario. Performing abdominal thrusts immediately is a life-saving maneuver but is specifically indicated only for patients who cannot cough effectively or are unable to breathe, speak, or make sounds. Offering the patient water to drink can lead to further choking and should be avoided. Lastly, administering back blows without caution may not only be ineffective but can also cause additional injury or worsen the obstruction if not done correctly.