How is a shaded pole induction motor characterized?

A shaded pole induction motor is characterized by the use of a copper strap that wraps around a portion of each magnetic pole. This copper strap creates a phase-shifting magnetic field, which is essential for starting the motor. When AC voltage is applied to the motor, the portion of the pole that is shaded becomes magnetized slightly later than the non-shaded portion. This delay produces a rotating magnetic field that allows the rotor to start turning.

The design ensures that there is a weak magnetic field in the shaded area compared to the non-shaded area, helping to initiate rotor rotation. Because the motor depends on this phase shift for operation, the presence of the copper strap is crucial for its functionality and distinguishes it from other types of motors.